The art and culture of Mongolia (100 B.C.-19th century)

The tumuli were the burial places of Hun chiefs, the Huns having formed at the end of the third century B.C. a vast nomadic empire, which included the lands of Mongolia, western China, and part of Central Asia. The Hun tumuli at Noin-Ula date from the beginning of the Christian era. Room 366 is devoted entirely to items belonging to the time of Jenghiz-Khan’s empire; what attracts most interest here is the “Jenghiz Stone”, an ancient relic of Mongolian writing. It is a granite stele with a text and was erected in 1225 at the order of Jenghiz in honour of his nephew Isunke. Of further interest are some architectural details – stone dragon statues and roof from a thirteenh – fourteenth century palace belonging to a relative of Jenghiz-Khan. The ruins of the palace, situated five kilometres from the village of Konduy in the region of Chita, were excavated in 1957 by a joint expedition of scholars from the USSR and the Mongolian People’s Republic. In the third room (365) there are examples of the Mongolian art of the sixteenth to nineteenth century – painting, sculpture and craft work.

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